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HLS 280 Mis-, Dis-, and Malinformation Research Guide: Source Types

Types of Articles in Scholarly Journals

Grey Literature

"Grey literature stands for manifold document types produced on all levels of government, academics, business and industry in print and electronic formats that are protected by intellectual property rights, of sufficient quality to be collected and preserved by library holdings or institutional repositories, but not controlled by commercial publishers, i.e., where publishing is not the primary activity of the producing body." (Schopfel, 2011)

Examples of grey literature producers:

Associations: Center for American and International Law, International Association for Counterterrorism and Security Professionals (policy papers, guidelines, reports)

Government: National, state, local (legislation, policy papers, congressional hearings, reports)

Educational Institutions: Naval Postgraduate School, universities, etc. (dissertations and theses)

Think Tanks: RAND Corporation, Atlantic Council, U.S. Army War College's Strategic Security Institute (reports, issue briefs, fact sheets)

What Type of Information Is it?

Read and be prepared to discuss the following: What is the source of the piece of information? When was it published? Who are the authors? What type of information would you describe the piece as? What characteristics of the piece allowed you to make this determination?